儿童支气管舒张试验检查及临床应用

doi:10.12372/jcp.2023.23e0206

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

支气管舒张试验是检查气道可逆性的方法，是用于喘息性疾病诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗和随访的重要手段。随着人们对支气管舒张试验重要性认知的日渐提升，其临床应用迅速增多。目前国内外大量研究聚焦于如何对其结果进行临床解读及阳性阈值的界定。文章旨在探讨新的标准和意见，厘清思路，提出适合我国儿童的建议。

关键词: 支气管舒张试验, 阈值, 喘息性疾病, 临床应用, 儿童

Abstract:

Bronchodilation test (BDT) is a method to detect the reversibility of spastic airway, which is mainly used in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of wheezing diseases. As awareness of the importance of the bronchodilatation test has increased, its clinical use has rapidly increased. Recently, a large number of researches both nationally and internationally have focued on how to interpret the results in clinical and define the positive thresholds. The purpose of this paper is to explore new standards and opinions, sort out the idea and make recommendations that are suitable for Chinese children.

Key words: bronchodilation test, threshold value, asthmatic disease, clinical application, child

张皓, 池艳霞. 儿童支气管舒张试验检查及临床应用[J]. 临床儿科杂志, 2023, 41(5): 321-327.

ZHANG Hao, CHI Yanxia. Bronchodilation test and its clinical application in children[J]. Journal of Clinical Pediatrics, 2023, 41(5): 321-327.

图/表 3

参考文献 44

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支气管舒张剂	停用时间/h
吸入型短效（SABA，如沙丁胺醇、特布他林）	8
吸入型中效（如异丙托溴胺）	24
吸入型长效（LABA，如沙美特罗、福莫特罗）	24~48
口服型短效（如氨茶碱）	12
口服型长效（如缓释茶碱或LABA）	24~48

药物剂型及规格	<6岁	6~12岁	>12岁
0.5%硫酸沙丁胺醇溶液/mL	0.500	0.750	1.000
0.2%硫酸沙丁胺醇溶液/mL	1.250	1.875	2.500
沙丁胺醇气雾剂/100 μg·掀^-1	200 μg	200 μg	400 μg
0.25%特布他林溶液/mL	体重<20 kg者1 mL，体重≥20 kg 者2 mL